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Linux
Which sysctl.d File Wins? Check Before You Apply It
A sysctl.d override is not decided by directory priority alone. The loader first chooses one file when the same filename exists in…
KNOWLEDGE, PUT TO WORK
Linux Guides.
The Linux Guides category on Voxfor offers tutorials, tips, and in-depth guides for Linux users. It covers a range of topics from system administration and server management to troubleshooting common issues, making it a useful resource for both beginners and advanced users seeking to advance their Linux skills.
The knowledge library
171 articlesArticles & guides
Linux
See the VM Definition Before virt-install Creates Anything
A virt-install command can become a reviewable XML artifact before it becomes a virtual machine. In the reproduced run for this article,…
Linux
zstd Frame Integrity Does Not Verify Your Restored Files
A successful zstd integrity test answers one narrow question: can the compressed frame be decoded without an error? It does not prove…
Linux
Audit a systemd Journal File with journalctl --verify
A successful journalctl --verify run can establish that one systemd journal file is internally consistent at the bytes you tested. It cannot…
Linux
Postfix Sender Relay Maps Need a Warning-Safe Preflight
A malformed sender-relay row produced an uncomfortable result in the lab: postmap exited with status zero, created a database, and still warned…
Linux
Check fstab Before Rebooting, Including Warnings
Before a remote Linux server reboots, an fstab change window needs four durable facts: the known-good table, the exact proposed row, a…
Linux
curl --resolve and --connect-to Change Different Layers
Two successful HTTPS requests in the reproduced lab used the same URL, TLS name, certificate identity, and HTTP Host value. One reached…
Linux
Restore Sparse Files With GNU tar, Then Verify the Holes
Two restored files can have the same length and SHA-256 hash yet consume radically different disk space. In the reproduced GNU tar…
Linux
qemu-img Check Can Pass a Corrupt Guest Filesystem
Two QCOW2 images returned No errors were found on the image. in the reproduced QEMU 10.0.11 lab. Only one contained a clean…
Linux
SMTP DANE Ends at a Certificate Match, Not a DNS Record
An SMTP DANE check is complete only when four facts agree: the recipient domain selects an MX hostname, DNSSEC validates the TLSA…
Linux
When a Linux ACL Says rwx but Effective Access Is r-x
user:65534:rwx #effective:r-x is not contradictory output. The named user's ACL entry stores rwx, but the access ACL's mask::r-x caps that entry. For…
Linux
Two Sources, Two Routes: Test Linux Policy Routing
Linux normally chooses a route from the destination address. Policy routing adds an earlier decision: the routing policy database, or RPDB, scans…
Linux
QCOW2 Rebase and Commit Change Different Files
qemu-img rebase and qemu-img commit can both shorten a QCOW2 backing chain, but they write in opposite directions. A safe rebase changes…
Linux
Test SMTP STARTTLS Certificate Trust and Hostname
An SMTP server can advertise STARTTLS, complete a TLS handshake, and still present an identity that a careful client must reject. Encryption…
Linux
Trace a Truncated DNS Reply Into Its TCP Retry
A healthy DNS fallback is two observable transport events: the client receives a UDP reply with the TC (truncated) flag, then repeats…
Linux
Linux Can Deny Access After chmod 777
chmod 777 changes one object's discretionary mode bits. Linux still checks the calling process identity, every directory in the pathname, any matching…
Linux
Turn rsync --delete Into a Reviewed, Recoverable Run
When a file disappears from an rsync --delete source, its absence becomes an instruction: remove the corresponding destination file. That is correct…
Linux
What QCOW2 File Size Tells You Before Reclaiming Space
A QCOW2 image has more than one meaningful size. Virtual size is the capacity visible to the guest, apparent file size is…
Linux
DNS Negative Caching: Why a New Record Still Fails
You add a DNS record, confirm that the authoritative server returns it, and still see NXDOMAIN from the resolver used by your…
Linux
A Restic Restore Is Not Finished Until the Data Matches
Restic can restore bytes correctly and still return the wrong recovery point. latest is a selector, not a business decision: a shared…
Linux
Logrotate Not Rotating? Diagnose State and Permissions
The Logrotate job ran, yet the log file stayed put. That result does not prove Logrotate is broken. It may have loaded…
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